VIENNA CONVENTION ON DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS

– The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations is a United Nations treaty that lays out the rules and regulations governing diplomatic relations between nations. It was adopted in 1961 during the United Nations Conference on Diplomatic Intercourse and Immunities held in Vienna, Austria.

Key Provisions of the Convention:

1. Diplomatic Representatives: The Convention establishes fundamental principles regarding how countries must treat each other’s diplomatic representatives. It outlines the rights and responsibilities of diplomats and the host nation.

2. Diplomatic Privileges: It defines the privileges that diplomats enjoy in foreign countries, which include immunity from legal jurisdiction, tax exemptions, and inviolability of diplomatic premises.

3. Establishing and Terminating Relations: The Convention provides guidelines for initiating, maintaining, and terminating diplomatic relations between countries. This includes the recognition of diplomatic missions and the exchange of diplomats.

4. Ensuring Friendly Relations: The treaty emphasizes the importance of fostering amicable relations between nations and encourages respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all states.

5. Maintaining Communication: The Convention underscores the need for effective and open communication channels between countries, allowing for the smooth conduct of international diplomacy.

The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) in India has responded to Canada’s allegations regarding India’s pursuit of diplomatic parity. It asserts that its actions align with Article 11.1 of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations and are consistent with international norms (it deals with the principle of parity). The MEA’s statement underscores India’s commitment to diplomatic standards as outlined in the Convention.