ENVIRONMENTAL DNA

WHY IN NEWS:

Researchers at the Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species (LaCONES) have developed a method for detecting all life forms in an ecosystem using environmental DNA (eDNA)

WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL DNA?

Environmental DNA (eDNA) refers to genetic material that organisms shed into their environment. It can be found in various environmental sources such as soil, water or air.

This genetic material is derived from shed skin cells, mucus, urine, feces, hair or any organic material released by organisms into their surroundings

METHOD

Method involves collecting water, soil or air samples and then sequencing the DNA fragments to evaluate the total biodiversity in the ecosystem.

SIGNIFICANCE

It can detect a broad spectrum of organisms, encompassing viruses, bacteria, archaea, fungi, plants, insects, birds, fish, and various animals.

The technique is non-invasive, cost-effective, rapid, and scalable. It offers an effective means for monitoring and conserving biodiversity in both freshwater and marine ecosystems