CSIP: PRELIMS BOOSTER SERIES -470 ANCIENT INDIA
IMPORTANT HARAPPAN SITES
WHY IN NEWS?
Hindustan Times: New evidence from Rakhigarhi suggests the DNA recovered from excavations may be 7000 years old.
BACKGROUND
| HARAPPA (Punjab, Pakistan) | 
|
Located on banks of Ravi river
Discoveries 1.Red limestone statue of male torso 2. 2 Sandstone statues depicting human anatomy 2 rows of 6 granaries with workmen quarters |
| DHOLAVIRA (GUJARAT) | 
|
Located on Khadir bet island in the Kutch Desert Wildlife Sanctuary in the Great Rann of Kutch. (Lies on Tropic of Cancer)
Divided into 3 parts: Citadel (fortified), middle (fortified) town and lower town. Instead of bricks, stones were used for making buildings Had sophisticated system of reservoirs for water conservation Remains of a stadium with terraced stand.
Remains of a signboard( signs made out of gypsum inlaid in wood) Recently a stepwell was discovered which was thrice the size of Great Bath of Mohanjodaro In 2021 UNESCO declared Dholavira as a world heritage site. |
| MOHANJODAR |  
|
Located on the banks of Indus river
Discoveries 1.Bronze statue of dancing girl 2.Bronze statue of bull/buffalo 3. Faience statue of Priest king 4.Seal of Pashupati Mahadeva 5.A piece of woven cloth 6.Great Bath+ Great Granary+ Assembly hall 7. Seals similar to Mesopotamia |
| LOTHAL(GUJARAT) | 
|
Located close to Gulf of Khambat.
On the banks of Bhogava river(A tributary of Sabarmati) Evidence of fire altar Evidence of Dockyard for trade S Shaped jar depicts the story of ‘The Clever Fox ’ from panchatantira. A vase depicting the story of the ‘Thirsty Crow’ People ate ragi, rice etc. |
| KALIBANGAN
(RAJASTHAN) |
Situated on the banks of Ghaggra Hakkara river
Evidence of fire altar Earliest evidence of ploughed field(in grid pattern used for multi cropping) |
|
| BANAWALI (HARYANA) | Banks of Ghaggra Hakkara river
Findings Toy plough |
GUJARAT
(Focus on Dholavira, Desalpur, Surkotada, Lothal, Rangpur, Rojdi, Nageshwar)
PUNJAB (Ropar)
HARYANA (Banwali, Rakhigari)
RAJASTHAN (Kalibangan)
(Focus on Manda, Harappa, Ganweriwala, Mohenjodaro, Kot Diji, Chanhu Daro, Amri, Balakot, Sutkagendor)