Maratha Military Landscapes

Context

India has proposed the ‘Maratha Military Landscapes’ as its nomination for inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritage List for the 2024-25 cycle.

Maratha Military Landscapes

The Maratha Military Landscapes are a group of twelve forts in India that were nominated for UNESCO World Heritage status in 2024. These forts, built between the 17^th and 19^th centuries, showcase the exceptional fortification and military system of the Maratha Empire.

Hill Forts:

• Salher Fort: The largest fort in the nomination, known for the Battle of Salher.
• Shivneri Fort: The birthplace of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, founder of the Maratha Empire.
• Lohgad Fort: Renowned for its architectural skills and strategic location.
• Raigad Fort: The capital fort of the Maratha Empire, showcasing the essence of sovereignty.
• Rajgad Fort: Famous for the Battle of Pratapgad, a symbol of Maratha valor.
• Gingee Fort: A hill fort complex in Tamil Nadu, strategically located.

Hill-forest fort:

• Pratapgad Fort: Signifies Maratha valor and the Battle of Pratapgad.

Hill-Plateau fort:

• Panhala Fort: Offers panoramic views and strategic importance.

Coastal Fort:

• Vijaydurg Fort: A sea fort known for its unique construction.

Island Forts:

• Khanderi Fort: Protects the entrance to Mumbai harbor.
• Suvarnadurg Fort: A “Golden Fort” known for its intricate water management system.
• Sindhudurg Fort: An “Ocean Fort” known for its impregnable design.

These forts not only stand as testaments to the Maratha Empire’s military prowess but also offer insights into their engineering skills, administrative capabilities, and strategic thinking. The nomination for UNESCO World Heritage status recognizes the Maratha Military Landscapes’ cultural and historical significance and aims to preserve them for future generations.